OOPs Concepts In Java With Examples

To start with Java is a known and commonly used programming language. And it is made by James Gosling who worked in Sun Microsystems in the USA in the 1990s. Furthermore, Java runs on several digital devices all across the world. Indeed, many features of Java make it a high-level programming language. Such as — (object-oriented programming) OOPs concepts in Java, speed, security, runs on many platforms, and more.

In case, you are new to programming languages or someone looking to expand their knowledge in this field. Undoubtedly Java provides the perfect stage to help you begin your journey. Especially, knowing the oops concept in Java. Additionally, we can apply the OOPs concept in other programming languages. So, this blog will inform readers about the OOPs concepts in Java And Its Principles.

What is the OOPs Concept In Java?

To begin with, the OOPs concept in Java relates to the use of “objects”. And in a programming language the “objects” apply to a set of data and code. In short — a program is arranged around its data to make the code easier to understand and relate it to real-world problems in the OOPs concept in Java. Therefore it helps us to write clear and better code aside from improving the software design.

Hence the OOPs concepts in Java make it closer to human language and easily adaptable. Subsequently, before diving into the core OOPs concepts in Java; let’s understand the basics first.

Basic Concepts Of OOPs In Java With Examples-

First and foremost the reader must have a basic idea of the syntax before learning OOPs and Java. In Java, there are five basic types of syntaxes. Including-

1. Object in OOPs Concepts In Java-

In general, it enables us to understand OOPs concepts in Java and is the basic unit of programming. They are just like real-world objects and consist of – state and behavior. And the role of an object is to store its state in fields (variables) and execute its behavior through methods (functions).

For example-

2. Class-

In order to separate it from a bundle of similar objects, we use the Class. A Class is similar to a preplan from which we make objects that define variables and methods. To summarise Java has seven types of classes. Namely-

Inner Class,
Concrete Class,
Final Class,
POJO Class,
Abstract Class,
Static Class and
Singleton Class.

For example- a simple Java class

3. Inheritance In OOPs Concepts In Java-

It should be noted that an effective way to organize and structure software is using Inheritance. Clearly, Classes receive state and behavior from a superclass. And inheritance enables us to derive a single class from another using this syntax. For example-

4. Interface-

Overall it is like a bargain between the class and the outside world formed at the time of compiling. It groups related methods with empty bodies. For this reason, it plays an important role to achieve abstraction in a programming language.

Thus when the user implements an interface for which it is designed, the Class delivers the behavior and the methods appear in the source code before the class is compiled.

for example-

5. Package In OOPs Concepts In Java-

Finally Package groups the Classes and Interfaces in a sensible way and promotes easy handling. Additionally, Java provides a large set of packages also known as API (Application Programming Interface). Just as a folder used to save files.

User-defined and In-built are the two types of packages in use.

For example-

Core OOPs Concepts In Java With Example-

Importantly, a programmer should know about the four main core OOPs concepts in Java-

1. Abstraction in OOPs concepts in Java-

First, this is the process in which we identify only the necessary details of an object and exclude the minor ones from the user. And so, Abstraction is gained through- interfaces or abstract classes. Accordingly, Abstract classes are used in the following situations- for instance

When we want to define a superclass without giving complete execution of every method we used.
Or to create a superclass that shares its features with all other classes.

Abstraction also helps us to achieve security. In the case of the Abstract Class, it should be passed from another class. Whereas the Abstract method is used in an abstract class because lacks a body.

For example-

2. Encapsulation in OOPs concepts in Java-

It is used to hide execution details and implement abstraction in OOPs. Consequently, it restricts access to class members and methods by using access modifier keywords. For example- private, protected, and public keywords. Thus, by showing only selected data a program can be made error-free and easy to understand.

3. Polymorphism in OOPs concept in Java

This concept allows a single object to behave in multiple ways depending on its state. Polymorphism is of two main types-

Compile-time Polymorphism– e.g. overloading of static method in Java.

example-

Runtime Polymorphism or Dynamic Polymorphism– this type of polymorphism results from the overriding of a superclass method by a subclass. As a result of which the compiler is unable to invoke a class during the run time.

For example-

Polymorphism can be achieved by using signatures and declarations of objects.

4. Inheritance in OOPs concepts in Java

In particular, this OOPs concepts in Java show the parent-child relationship. Besides it also promotes code reuse and includes two classes- Superclass and Subclass. The keyword used to show inheritance is ‘extends’

Superclass- also known as the parent class whose features are passed to the subclass.
Subclass- also known as the child class who receives the features from the superclass. It can also have its fields and methods aside from the ones that are inherited from the parent class.

Inheritance is of the following types-

Single Inheritance
Multilevel Inheritance
Hierarchical Inheritance
Multiple inheritance

For example-

Why Use OOPs Concept In Java?

Altogether, we know many programming languages using the OOPs Concept. Namely Java, Python, R, JavaScript, C++, and more. There are several benefits of using OOPs concepts in Java. Including-

The concept of Classes and Inheritance allows the code to be reused over again due
OOPs favor software development due to flexibility, reusability, and wide applications.
Promotes a secure environment.
Immediately addresses troubleshooting and other issues.
Accurate with easy maintenance and adaptability due to the concepts of Polymorphism.
The use of objects favors the systematic organization of codes.
And more.

Henry Harvin – Advanced Certification Program in Java

Eventually, now that the readers have an idea of oops concepts in Java; the only thing that remains is to get enrolled in a course. Undoubtedly, Henry Harvin’s- Advanced Certification Program In Java from E&ICT Academy, IIT Guwahati will fit this purpose. Henry Harvin is one of the oldest Edtech companies that has served the needs of students since last so many years.

Along with this, the partnership of this course with IIT, Guwahati will provide the perfect competitive edge needed to succeed in this domain. In short, this course will surely help you to get to know the oops concepts in Java better than before.

Unique Features-

Firstly this course is for students who are familiar with the basic concept of programming.
Secondly, this is a 10-in-1 program providing 3 certificates on completion.
Importantly— an opportunity for an Internship at the IIT-Guwahati campus.
Besides this- 1 year Gold membership, projects, and job support.
In addition to an e-portal that provides tests, PPTs, question banks, and more.
Along with- Masterclasses, doubt sessions, and 24*7 support
The program syllabus covers 13 modules and the necessary skills and tools.
Course Duration- 6 months

Course fee- Live Classes: INR 2,36,000

Self-Paced Course: INR 2,12,400

Not only this but if you are starting to learn Java and oops concepts in Java. In that case. Henry Harvin also offers courses for beginners in addition to a foundation combo course to learn Java.

Conclusion –

To summarise, the OOPs concepts in Java help a programmer break difficult problems into simple forms. Without a doubt, the concepts used in OOPs promote a better understanding of the language. And offers many benefits over procedural programming. Apart from this OOPs enable Java to become a high-level Programming Language and an impressive tool to write powerful codes.

Moreover OOPs focus more on the data rather than the functions and help the programmer to relate real-world problems.